Nucell (formerly NZ Fulvic) 500ml

Humic substances (HS) are major components of the natural organic matter (NOM) in soil and water as well as in geological organic deposits such as lake sediments, peats, brown coals and shales. They make up much of the characteristic brown colour of decaying plant debris and contribute to the brown or black colour in surface soils. They are major components of NOM in surface waters and at higher concentrations can impart a dark colour, especially in brown fresh water ponds, lakes, and streams. In leaf litter or composts, the colour may be yellowish-brown to black, depending on the degree of decay and concentration.
 
Humic substances are very important components of soil that affect physical and chemical properties and improve soil fertility. In aqueous systems, like rivers, about 50% of the dissolved organic materials are HS that affect pH and alkalinity. In terrestrial and aquatic systems HS affect the chemistry, cycling and bioavailability of chemical elements, as well as transport and degradation of xenobiotic and natural organic chemicals. They affect biological productivity in aquatic ecosystems, as well as the formation of disinfection by-products during water treatment.
 
Humic substances are complex and heterogeneous mixtures of polydispersed materials formed by biochemical and chemical reactions during the decay and transformation of plant and microbial remains (a process called humification). Plant lignin and its transformation products, as well as polysaccharides, melanin, cutin, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, fine char particles, etc., are important components taking part in this process.
 
Humic substances in soils and sediments can be divided into three main fractions: humic acids (HA or HAs), fulvic acids (FA or FAs) and humin. The HA and FA are extracted from soil and other solid phase sources using a strong base (NaOH or KOH). Humic acids are insoluble at low pH. Humin cannot be extracted with either a strong base or a strong acid.
 
Humic substances are highly chemically reactive yet recalcitrant with respect to biodegradation. Most of the data on HA, FA and humin refer to average properties and structure of a large ensemble of components of diverse structure and molecular weight. The precise properties and structure of a given HS sample depends on the water or soil source and the specific conditions of extraction. Nevertheless, the average properties of HA, FA and humin from different sources are remarkably similar.”
 
Fulvic acids are the smallest, lightest molecular-weight components of “humic acids”; They are acid chains/conglomerate molecules. According to professor Dmitry Orlov, a world-renowned Russian specialist of Soil Sciences, fulvic acids are a part of, and are very closely related to humic acids, they are NOT independent fractures.
 
Isolating the smaller lighter humic molecules (creating “Fulvic Acid”) during the extraction (separation) process (called “hydrolysis”) the larger heavier humic molecules will fall out of suspension (“precipitate”) settling at the bottom of a humic solution, the lighter, lower molecular weight molecules will stay in the upper level of the solution. This upper (or top) layer of solution containing the smaller lighter weight humic components (fractions) is typically siphoned off and commonly referred to as “fulvic acid”.
 
The term “fulvic acid” is not new. The term originated approximately 200 years ago and has been used ever since, mainly because an acidic agent was originally introduced into the humic solution causing the humic components to separate (as described above). 
 
As created by nature the very small, low molecular weight humic components (“fulvic acids”) are originally created by soil-based micro-organisms (“SBO's”) which, in turn, make minerals and other nutrients assimilable by plants. Millions of years ago (and today) SBO's consume the decayed plant organic matter in the humate deposits and the organisms subsequently excrete a waste material (digested decayed plant organic matter) back into the earthy material. The cycle continues over and over, on and on - nature's own natural chelation process.
 
The complex photosynthetic reactions - produced in all plants – produce the nutritional components needed for all the various parts of the plants. Muco-polysaccharides (a class of carbohydrates such as starches and cellulose) flow throughout the plant as nourishment and some of this is returned to the roots where the soil-based micro-organisms are re-nourished to produce (excrete) additional digested humic components which combines with minerals and other nutrients in the soil to continue the cycle.
 
Fulvic acids are a biologically active mixture of weak aliphatic* and aromatic organic acids which are soluble in water and all pH conditions (acidic, neutral, and alkaline). Fulvic acids are the smaller and lighter weight (molecular weight) parts of humic acids having molecular weights which range from approximately 2,000 daltons or less”.
 
*Aliphatic means: “Of, relating to, or being a group of organic chemical compounds in which the carbon atoms are linked in open chains.” 

Humic acids are a class of compounds – conglomerate molecules/acid chains – weighing between 5,000 and 8,000 daltons – manufactured by plants. Humic acids are soluble in alkaline solution, insoluble in acid solution, and are natural components found in drinking water, soil and lignite. Note: Below 6 pH humic acid “precipitates”, which means that the humic acid molecules in the solution will begin clumping together and fall out of suspension, settling on the bottom of the container. All of the humic acid will ultimately be lying on the bottom of the container. If a solution is claimed to contain humic acid and has a pH less than 6.0, and has no black layer of settlement on the bottom, the solution does not contain humic acid.
 
Humic acids contain a vast array of naturally occurring bio-chemicals, including, but not limited to, supercharged antioxidants, free-radical scavengers, super oxide dismutases (“SOD”), nutrients, enzymes, hormones, amino acids, natural antibiotics, natural antivirals, and natural fungicides.